AMH Hormone (Anti-Müllerian Hormone) is an important biomarker used to assess ovarian reserve in women. Produced by follicles, this hormone is measured particularly in women of reproductive age to determine fertility potential. Since AMH levels provide direct information about ovarian reserve, they are considered a significant parameter for patients undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment.
AMH hormone measurement is performed through a blood test and can provide reliable results on any day of the menstrual cycle. This characteristic distinguishes it from other ovarian reserve tests. While low AMH levels are associated with decreased ovarian reserve, this condition alone is not sufficient to determine the likelihood of natural pregnancy. AMH values should be evaluated alongside other hormonal parameters and ultrasound findings for a comprehensive assessment.
When Should the AMH Hormone Test Be Performed?
The AMH hormone test is an essential diagnostic tool used to assess female reproductive health and determine ovarian reserve. This hormone, produced by small antral follicles in the ovaries, plays a crucial role in evaluating fertility potential.
The AMH level, measured through a blood test, can be assessed on any day of the menstrual cycle. Unlike other hormonal tests, it is not affected by menstrual cycle fluctuations. For this reason, it provides reliable information about ovarian reserve and is particularly useful in guiding the treatment process for individuals planning in vitro fertilization (IVF).
To evaluate a woman’s reproductive capacity, AMH normal levels vary depending on age. AMH levels between 1-3 ng/mL are considered indicative of a healthy ovarian reserve. Levels below 1 ng/mL suggest a diminished ovarian reserve, whereas values above 3 ng/mL are generally associated with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
In individuals with polycystic ovary syndrome, AMH levels tend to be elevated due to the presence of an increased number of small follicles in the ovaries. However, this does not necessarily indicate higher fertility; in fact, irregular ovulation can reduce the chances of natural conception.
AMH levels change with age. They peak between the ages of 25 and 30, then begin to decline after the age of 35. After the age of 40, AMH levels decrease significantly and may drop below 0.1 ng/mL as menopause approaches.
During menopause, as ovarian reserve depletes, AMH levels become too low to be detected. Therefore, women planning for pregnancy are advised to undergo AMH testing at an early age to evaluate their reproductive health.
What Should Be the AMH Hormone Level?
Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH) is a key biomarker that provides insight into a woman’s ovarian reserve. This hormone, produced by small antral follicles in the ovaries, is measured to assess fertility potential.
AMH levels can be determined through a blood test at any time, regardless of the menstrual cycle, and provide significant information about reproductive health. For individuals planning in vitro fertilization (IVF), the results of this test play a crucial role in guiding the treatment process.
For a healthy ovarian reserve, AMH levels are expected to be within a specific range. Values between 1-3 ng/mL are considered normal. Levels below 1 ng/mL indicate a diminished ovarian reserve, while values below 0.5 ng/mL suggest a significantly decreased ovarian reserve. On the other hand, AMH levels above 3 ng/mL are often associated with ovulation irregularities, such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
Abnormal AMH levels can sometimes be linked to hormonal disorders. A low AMH level may indicate an increased risk of early menopause or premature ovarian failure. Conversely, high AMH levels are frequently observed in individuals with PCOS, a condition characterized by excessive follicle development and irregular ovulation.
While AMH levels alone do not provide a definitive assessment of fertility, they offer valuable insights when combined with other tests and clinical evaluations. Therefore, individuals planning for pregnancy are encouraged to undergo AMH testing to assess their ovarian reserve status.
