Hematological tests are done to diagnose and treat blood diseases like hemophilia, coagulation disorders, leukemia, lymphoma, myeloma and thalassemias.
In blood there are erythrocytes (red blood cells), leucocytes (white blood cells), platelets (thrombocytes). These cells consist 45% of the blood where the remaining is water.
These cells perform entirely different functions. Erythrocytes carry oxygen to the tissues when we breath and collect CO2 for exhalantion from the lungs. Leucocytes are the defense cells of the body. Platelets are the cells responsible for blood coagulation process.
These cells are synthesized in the bone marrow, spleen, thymus and lypmh nodes. The subject of hematology is to find out the disorders during synthesis, metabolism and functions of these cells and thus, diagnose and treat various diseases related to these metabolic steps.
Hematologic tests are performed by using spesific dyes, instruments and microscopes;
Hematologic tests are classified according to the subjects they are related to;
- Hemoglobinopathies
- Hematologic cancers
- Anemias
- Coagulophaties